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Test transformers often have faults in the test field test, and the most common fault is caused by a short circuit in the core. The main causes of the short circuit in the core are:
When manufacturing transformers or replacing iron cores, the quality of the selected silicon steel sheets was a problem. For example, the smart star on the surface of the silicon steel sheet is not smooth; the insulating film of the hot-rolled silicon steel sheet falls off; the poor adhesion of the insulating oxide film of the cold-rolled silicon steel sheet also falls off. The above situations will cause short-circuit between the slices, forming a multi-point grounding.
There is a conductive suspension inside the transformer, which forms a conductive bridge under the action of the electromagnetic field, shorting the core to the tank wall or the bottom of the tank.
Improper operation and maintenance. The transformer's long-term super-nameplate capacity operation has caused the inter-chip insulation to age; the usual inspection and inspection are not enough, so that the core part is overheated seriously, and the insulation between the chips is damaged to cause multi-point grounding. In addition, during the manufacture or overhaul of the transformer, steel filaments, broken strands of wire ropes used for lifting, and tiny wires are erected under the action of an electromagnetic field, causing short-circuiting between the iron core and the bottom of the tank.
Transformer water inlet, so that the bottom of the iron core insulation block damp or damage through the core screw insulation, resulting in a sharp decline in iron core insulation smart star, resulting in multiple grounding iron core.
During the manufacturing process of the transformer tank and radiator, the welding slag and other cleaning are not complete. During the long-term strong oil circulation, the oil flow is gradually brought out and the iron core and the tank wall are short-circuited.
Iron core processing process is unreasonable. If the burr exceeds the limit, the unevenness in the cutting will be uneven, and fine metal particles or hard non-metallic particles will be sandwiched. The laminations will be pressed out of small pits. On the other side, they will become small bumps, which will also damage the insulating layer after stacking. Causes a short circuit between the slices.
Overlap pressure. The stacking coefficient is too large, making the pressure too large and destroying the insulation between the sheets. 
