·Miao Wei: Full implementation of “Made in China 2025” to revitalize the real economy

The real economy is a concentrated expression of social productivity, and it is the foundation of a strong country and the foundation of a country. The Central Economic Work Conference held before the year emphasized the efforts to revitalize the real economy. Manufacturing is the main body of the real economy and the main battlefield for supply-side structural reform. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that “the improvement of the supply-side structure must be the main direction” “to promote the development of China’s economy towards higher quality, more efficient, more equitable and more sustainable”. We must thoroughly study and implement the spirit of the Party’s 18th and 18th Central Committee, the 4th Middle School, the Fifth Middle School, the Sixth Plenary Session, and the Central Economic Work Conference, firmly establish and implement the new development concept, and adhere to the supply-side structural reform. The main line is to fully implement "Made in China 2025", accelerate the revitalization of the real economy, and provide solid support for the comprehensive building of a well-off society and the realization of the Chinese nation's great rejuvenation.
Deeply understand the great significance of revitalizing the real economy
Revitalizing the real economy is a strategic choice to deal with a new round of scientific and technological revolutions and industrial changes, and to create new advantages in international competition. At present, a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation in the world is gestating and emerging. New technologies, new applications and new industries represented by artificial intelligence, virtual reality and additive manufacturing continue to emerge, which has spawned a new batch of growth. point. The all-round integration of information and communication technologies with the Internet as the core and other fields in other industries is revolutionizing human production and lifestyle. Digitalization, networking and intelligence have become a new trend in the development of manufacturing industries. The economy, the shared economy, and the collaborative economy are reshaping the traditional real economy. As the most powerful innovation driver and the most suitable new technology verification field, the real economy plays a central role in promoting industrial upgrading and economic growth. If the real economy develops badly, technological innovation will lose its foundation, and national competitiveness will become a passive water and a rootless wood. In recent years, all major economies have taken a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation as a historic opportunity to enhance innovation capabilities and promote industrial upgrading and transformation of development methods. On the one hand, it has strengthened the strategic layout and promotion of new energy, new generation information technology, new materials, biology and other emerging fields, and seized the commanding heights of international competition. On the other hand, refocusing on the development of the real economy and promoting the strategy of re-industrialization, trying to revive the manufacturing industry and continuously expand its competitive advantage. The United States issued the "National Strategic Plan for Advanced Manufacturing", Germany proposed "Industry 4.0", Japan launched the "Re-emergence Strategy", and France enacted the "New Industry France" plan. These initiatives are beginning to bear fruit. Science and technology and manufacturing have become the two commanding heights of global competition. To seize or even lead a new round of scientific and technological revolution and industrial transformation, China must put the revitalization of the real economy in a strategic position in the overall work.
Revitalizing the real economy is a major measure to adapt to grasp the new normal of economic development and accelerate the transformation of new and old kinetic energy. As China's economic development enters a new normal of speed shift, structural adjustment and power conversion, the real economy has increasingly become an important support for sustained and steady economic growth. Vigorously revitalizing the real economy and keeping the economy running in a reasonable and stable range will provide a strong guarantee for China's economic transformation and upgrading. At present, there are still a series of unbalanced and uncoordinated deep-seated contradictions and problems in the development of China's real economy. The main manifestations are: unreasonable structure, insufficient vitality of traditional kinetic energy, and new kinetic energy to be further cultivated and strengthened. We must adhere to the new development concept of innovation, coordination, green, openness, and sharing, and adhere to the principle of improving quality and efficiency, and realize the continuous transformation of new and old development kinetic energy. On the one hand, we will accelerate the development of new industries and advanced manufacturing industries, create new demands, foster new markets, and activate new kinetic energy. On the other hand, we will pay more attention to comprehensively transforming and upgrading traditional industries, orderly resolving excess capacity, and repairing traditions through new technologies and new models. Kinetic energy, revitalizing and vitality. The two complement each other, promote each other, integrate development, and achieve a good pattern of coordination between old and new mixed kinetic energy to stimulate real economic growth.
Revitalizing the real economy is an inevitable requirement for building a well-off society in an all-round way and achieving the goal of "two hundred years." The 18th National Congress of the Communist Party of China put forward the goal of "two hundred years". Only by vigorously revitalizing the real economy can we lay a solid foundation for the successful realization of the "two hundred years" goal. The real economy is an important cornerstone for strengthening the country and enriching the people. At present, there are more than 50 million poor people in China. To achieve poverty alleviation, promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and the common prosperity of the people, fundamentally speaking, we must always focus on development. This is only the basis for development and production. Poverty alleviation is the ultimate poverty alleviation. In addition, the revitalization of the real economy is the only way to modernize. In accordance with the requirements for the basic realization of modernization in the middle of the 21st century, industrialization must be realized simultaneously. To better meet the needs of household consumption upgrades and solve the growing problem of resources and environment, it is necessary to provide important material security through the upgrading of the real economy. China is still in the late stage of industrialization. There is still a long way to go to realize industrialization. The task of revitalizing the real economy is arduous and arduous.
Manufacturing is the main battlefield for revitalizing the real economy
Manufacturing is the backbone and support of the real economy, and it is also the main battlefield for revitalizing the real economy. Since the reform and opening up, China's real economy has maintained a strong momentum of development, with a global growth rate leading the world's largest manufacturing country and the second largest economy. According to the US Global Insights report, China’s manufacturing sector accounted for 19.8% of the global total in 2010. According to the classification of international standards, among the 22 major categories of industry, China ranks first in the world in terms of seven major industries such as textiles, electric power equipment and transportation. Among more than 500 kinds of industrial products, China has more than 220 kinds of production in the world, and industrial manufactured goods account for about 1/7 of the world's exports. It is the world's largest exporter of industrial manufactured goods. As the main body of the real economy, the sustained and rapid development of the manufacturing industry is the key to these great achievements. Under the impact of the international financial crisis, China can get rid of the difficulties in a relatively short period of time, realize the relatively stable operation of the economy, and even the core of contrarian growth. The essential. Manufacturing is the key commanding point to achieve innovation and seize the future, which determines the quality and efficiency of the real economy. Only by strengthening China’s manufacturing can the real economy be revitalized.
Focus on revitalizing the real economy, focusing on manufacturing and difficulties in manufacturing. In recent years, a prominent problem affecting the development of China's real economy is that the tendency to “get rid of the reality” is becoming more and more obvious, which is particularly prominent in the manufacturing sector. Affected by factors such as rising factor costs, resource and environmental constraints, and sluggish export markets, some traditional industries have encountered difficulties in their development. The industry's profit margins have been declining, and some industries are even facing losses in the whole industry. At the same time, a large amount of social capital flows to the stock market, bond market, real estate, etc., and the phenomenon of money speculation and quick money is abundant. From the perspective of the manufacturing industry itself, the return on investment has fallen rapidly, and factors such as capital and labor have been separated from the manufacturing sector. According to statistics, since 2012, the cost per 100 yuan of main business income of industrial enterprises above designated size has been maintained at a high level of around 85 yuan. From January to October 2016, it was 85.85 yuan. 5.71%. At the same time, the society's understanding of the manufacturing industry is still at the level of “stupid stupid, black and dirty”, and young people are reluctant to enter the workshop and work as workers. What is more serious is that in recent years, the proportion of manufacturing industry has declined. Some public opinion believes that China should mainly develop service industries in the future, and manufacturing is no longer so important. These views and understandings are one-sided and plausible. If we can't accurately understand and grasp the status and role of the manufacturing industry in the development of the real economy, we should reverse the tendency of "de-realization and emptiness" as soon as possible, and it will be difficult to revitalize the real economy.
To solve the problems and challenges faced by the manufacturing industry, we must pay more attention to deepening the supply-side structural reforms and releasing the momentum and vitality of manufacturing enterprises. One of the main objectives of China's supply-side structural reform is to solve the problem of imbalance in the real economy, and the imbalance in the real economy is mainly the imbalance of manufacturing. On the surface, recent problems such as overcapacity, falling prices, rising debt, and falling growth in China's manufacturing industry are caused by insufficient demand. However, in essence, there is still a problem in the supply side. The serious shortage of low-end supply and the obvious shortage of high-end supply have become a major contradiction in the current development of China's manufacturing industry. While some industries have a serious overcapacity, a large number of key equipment, core technologies and high-end products still need to rely on imports. Most of the supply of China's manufacturing industry can only meet the demand of low quality and low price, the supply structure does not adapt to the new changes in demand, and the industry as a whole is still at the low and middle end of the global value chain. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that the real economy is the capital of the country. Industry is the foundation of the country. It is necessary to promote the transformation of China's manufacturing to China, the transformation of China's speed to China's quality, and the transformation of Chinese products to Chinese brands. Accelerating the construction of a strong country has become an urgent task for revitalizing the real economy.
Concentrate on the full implementation of China Manufacturing 2025
For the first time, “Made in China 2025” portrayed the grand blueprint for building a manufacturing power from the national strategic level. It is the action plan for China’s implementation of the first decade of the strategy of building a strong country. Premier Li Keqiang pointed out that "we must vigorously implement 'Made in China 2025' and improve the competitiveness of the real economy." We must firmly grasp the main task of revitalizing the real economy, practice the new development concept, accelerate the structural reform of the supply side, focus on improving the quality and vitality of supply, and realize that the manufacturing industry will become stronger and stronger.
Advance smart manufacturing and take the road of innovation-driven development. Innovation is the engine of manufacturing development, and it is the inexhaustible motive force for structural adjustment and optimization and transformation of development methods. To revitalize the real economy and build a manufacturing power, we must vigorously implement the innovation-driven development strategy, enhance the capacity for independent innovation, strengthen the deep integration of manufacturing technology and information technology, and focus on smart manufacturing to promote product innovation, technological innovation and business model innovation. Establish a collaborative innovation mechanism for production, education and research. Strengthen the main position of enterprises in technological innovation, innovate the mechanism and mode of combining industry, education and research, and build a strategic alliance of industrial technology innovation, so that scientific research achievements and technological inventions can effectively enter the field of enterprise production and management and turn into real productivity. Deepen the integration and application of information technology in traditional industries. Widely apply the Internet to transform the design, manufacturing, marketing, service and other industrial chain links, promote the deep integration of manufacturing and Internet cross-border, and promote the transformation of manufacturing model to digital, network, intelligent, and service. Boldly explore new modes of new business. Enhance Internet awareness, actively adopt new-generation information technologies such as industrial Internet, industrial cloud, and big data, and vigorously develop new manufacturing methods such as Internet-based personalized customization, on-demand manufacturing, and crowdsourcing design, and encourage support for platform economy, mobile O2O, etc. Develop business models and foster new economic growth points.
Implement the "three products" strategy and take the road of winning by quality. Quality is the embodiment of the core competitiveness of manufacturing. To build and manufacture a strong country, we must focus on solidifying the foundation of quality development and continuously improve the brand value of China's enterprises and the overall image of “Made in China”. Work hard on "increasing varieties". Guide enterprises to accelerate research and development of new products, carry out personalized customization, flexible production, and provide personalized products for various needs to meet the needs of consumption upgrade. Pay attention to the research and development and application of environmental protection and green products, improve the supply capacity of energy-saving and consumption-reducing equipment, and increase the supply of green products. Seek practical results in "strong quality." Focusing on food and medicine, we will carry out quality improvement actions, accelerate the integration of domestic quality and safety standards and international standards, establish a quality and safety traceability system, establish a punitive compensation system for commodity quality, strengthen market supervision, and force enterprises to improve product quality. Make a fuss about "Creating a Brand." Encourage enterprises to implement brand strategy, support enterprises to improve product design, packaging quality and after-sales service through research and development of core technologies, and continuously improve the brand's quality image and market competitiveness. Establish a brand cultivation evaluation mechanism, guide enterprises to strengthen brand promotion, and focus on cultivating a number of brands with international influence and a large number of domestic famous brands.
Develop green manufacturing and take the path of ecological civilization development. Green development is the key to cracking the bottleneck of resources, energy and environment, and is the only way to achieve sustainable development of manufacturing. To build and manufacture a strong country, we must take a new road of green and low-carbon development and promote the coordinated development of industrial civilization and ecological civilization. Establish policies and standards systems to support industrial green development. Comprehensively use environmental control, environmental tax, carbon tax, government subsidies and other policy tools to improve the standards of green technology, green design, and green products, strictly regulate and manage, and encourage and constrain enterprises to follow the path of green and low carbon development. Increase technical transformation and equipment renewal efforts. Vigorously develop and promote a large number of energy-saving, material-saving and environmental protection technology equipment, and accelerate the elimination of backward production capacity. Promote efficient green production processes and improve energy resource utilization efficiency. Develop high-efficiency, low-consumption, low-emission green manufacturing processes to reduce total energy consumption in manufacturing. Explore new mechanisms and mechanisms for promoting energy conservation and environmental protection. We will use more economic and legal means to promote green development, and actively try new energy-saving and emission reduction mechanisms such as contract energy management, energy conservation voluntary agreements, carbon trading, and emissions trading, and accelerate the formation of a long-term mechanism for industrial green and low-carbon development.
Accelerate structural adjustment and take the road of open and coordinated development. Structural optimization is the main line of scientific development in manufacturing industry. The upgrading of manufacturing industry is the main way to improve the overall quality of the national economy and build an upgraded version of China's economy. Actively create a new industrial system, accelerate the transformation of new and old kinetic energy, give play to the leading role of “double innovation” in core key technology research and industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, actively cultivate new kinetic energy; promote the integration and development of the Internet and traditional industries, through technological transformation, etc. Means to enhance traditional kinetic energy. While focusing on the development of high-end manufacturing and advanced manufacturing, it is necessary to control the repeated construction of high-end industries such as photovoltaic power generation equipment, wind power generation equipment, heavy-duty compressors, and future robots, offshore engineering equipment, general-purpose aircraft, etc. Become a new area of ​​repetitive construction. While upgrading the efficiency and quality of traditional industries, especially labor-intensive industries, we must adopt policy guidance and implement the differentiated development pattern of sub-divisions in accordance with the principle of comparative advantage, and limit low-level redundant construction. Constantly optimize the industrial organization structure, cultivate a group of world-class multinational corporations and a large number of small and medium-sized enterprises full of innovative vitality and “specialized specialties” to guide large enterprises and small and medium-sized enterprises to establish through professional division of labor, service outsourcing and order production. Collaborative innovation, cooperation and win-win cooperation. Promote coordinated regional development. Implement the national “three major strategies” and “four major sectors” regional development strategy, promote international production capacity and equipment manufacturing cooperation, support light industry, clothing, electronics and other industries that support domestic market supply and support domestic economic and social development, and transfer to the central and western gradients. And innovative development. Improve the level and quality of industrial agglomeration, and cultivate a group of internationalized characteristic manufacturing clusters.
Strong chemical industry spirit, take talent to lead the development path. Talents are the foundation of manufacturing a strong country. We must continuously improve the ability of talented service to develop advanced manufacturing industries and improve the multi-level and multi-type talent training system. Create a high-level team of management and management personnel. Focusing on improving the modern management level and the competitiveness of enterprises, we will promote the implementation of the quality management project for enterprise management and management, the Galaxy training program for small and medium-sized enterprises, and accelerate the professionalization of management personnel in manufacturing enterprises. Strengthen the cultivation of professional technical skills talent team. Further increase the training of professional and technical personnel and skilled personnel, and focus on the key areas of manufacturing, build a group of training bases for talent shortage, and carry out "order-based" training. Strengthen the training of traditional industrial workers' technical skills upgrading and transfer to work. Encourage manufacturing enterprises to carry out new apprenticeship training for enterprises, relying on higher education institutions, vocational schools and various training institutions to actively carry out continuing education for employees, and to innovate a hybrid talent training model that combines online and offline. Create a group of outstanding entrepreneurs. Actively create a social environment and market environment suitable for the survival and development of entrepreneurial talents, pay attention to discovering and cultivating entrepreneurial talents in the practice of business management, improve the incentive mechanism for entrepreneurs' talent growth, and create a group of high management and market development capabilities. Strong outstanding entrepreneurial talent.
Revitalizing the real economy and building a manufacturing power is a huge and complex system project. We need to emancipate our minds, update our concepts, crack down on institutional mechanisms and policy obstacles, and enhance the endogenous motivation and vitality of manufacturing development. We need to gather together and take the initiative to mobilize all parties to actively participate and create a public opinion atmosphere and a good environment that the whole society cares about supporting the development of the real economy. We must overcome difficulties and implement them. In accordance with the decision-making arrangements of the Party Central Committee and the State Council, we will work hard to promote the manufacturing industry from becoming bigger and stronger, and make unremitting efforts to realize the Chinese dream of the great rejuvenation of the Chinese nation.

High Temperature Alloy

High temperature alloy is divided into three kinds of material: 760 ℃ high-temperature material, 1200℃ high temperature and 1500 ℃ high temperature materials, the tensile strength is 800 mpa. On other words,it refers to the metal material worked well in the condition of 760-1500 ℃ or above. It owns excellent high temperature strength, good resistance to oxidation and thermal corrosion resistance, good fatigue properties, fracture toughness and other comprehensive performance, this kind of material has became an irreplaceable key material in military and civilian gas turbine engine hot end components . According to the relevant theory, 760 ℃ high-temperature materials, according to the matrix elements,can be mainly divided into high temperature iron base alloy, nickel base superalloy and cobalt-based super alloy. According to the preparation process,it can be divided into deformation and high temperature alloy, casting high temperature alloy and powder metallurgy super alloy. According to the solid methods,it can be divided into solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and oxide dispersion strengthened with fiber reinforced type, etc.