Zambia Nchanga United Copper Company containing Nchanga flotation tailings more acid-soluble copper minerals, 1974 to build a new plant recover copper from the tailings, leaching tank countercurrent two lift air. The leaching slag is washed in the thickener with a raffinate countercurrent and discharged. Although it is equipped with a sand filter tank, it sometimes fails to operate normally due to the precipitation of calcium sulfate, resulting in a solid content of 170 mg/L. The liquid copper is 3~6g/L and the pH is 1.9~2.0. Entered into four extraction systems respectively, and initially used LIX64N, and gradually changed to P5050 and other second-generation extractants of aldoxime, concentration 17%~18%, thinner Escaid100. When the factory was built, it was the third extraction and the second reverse. The flow rate of each system leachate is approximately 700 m 3 /h. The extraction was compared with O/A 2/1, the mixing residence time was 3 min, and the clarification was 9-12 min. The loaded organic phase contains 9 g/L of copper. Stripping A/0 2/4, but still maintaining 1/1 in the mixing chamber. Electrolyzed lean liquid Cu35g/L, sulfuric acid 180g/L, rich electrolyte Cu50g/L, sulfuric acid 15Og/L, lean organic phase containing copper 3g/L. The extraction efficiency is 85%~90%, and the raffinate copper is 0.1g/L. The main problem of this plant is that the concentration of the feed liquid fluctuates greatly, sometimes the solid content is high, resulting in a low extraction rate when the concentration of the liquid solution is high, and a large amount of interphase dirt is generated. The flow is shown in the figure below.

The extraction tank is made of cement-lined stainless steel. The mixing chamber is square, 5.9 m on each side and 3.7 m deep. Turbine mixing paddles are used with a diameter of 2.7m. The upper part has a baffle to prevent eddy currents. The mixed phase enters the clarification tank through the overflow port. The clarification tank has a width of 12.2 m, a length of 36.5 m, a depth of 0.76 m, a specific flow rate of 3.6 m 3 /(h·m 2 ), and a stripping mixed clarification tank is slightly smaller. Production of 6-7 kg of copper loss extractant per ton, thinner 30kgo
Inspiration Consolidated Copper, Inc., the first Inspiration Consolidated copper company with an annual output of 26,000 tons of copper, is located in Arizona, USA. The feed liquid is an oxidized ore heap immersion liquid containing 1.4 g/L of copper, 4. Og/L of sulfuric acid, and a flow rate of 908.4 m 3 /h. Extractant is 7% AcorgaP5300, coal oil diluent (grade Chevron 425). The extraction was compared to 1.1/1, and the stripping temperature was 19 °C compared to the 10/1a extraction system. The extraction tank material is 316L stainless steel, and the mixing tank adopts a double mixing chamber type with a depth of 3.3m and a diameter of 3.6m. The first chamber residence time of the extraction mixing tank was 2 min, and the second chamber was 1 min, and the stripping residence time was the same. The clarification chamber is 25 m long, 17 m wide and 1.21 m deep, and has a specific flow rate of 3.6 m 3 /(h·m 2 ). The interphase dirt is sucked into the reservoir by a hand pump and then separated by a centrifuge.
The St. Manuel Plant of Magma Copper Company of Arizona, USA, produces 54,000 tons of copper per year. It uses 4 series of mixing clarification tanks, two extractions and one reverse. The mixing tank is composed of three chambers, with a depth of 3m, a total width of 12m and a length of 3.5m. The total stay time is 3 min. The clarification tank is 0.9 x 24 x 18 (m), the residence time is 16 min, the organic phase is 1/4 of the groove depth, and the aqueous phase is 1/2. Extractant 7% LIX984, thinner Phillips SX-7, first stage extraction O/A = 0.9/1, second stage 1.1/1, reverse extraction 1.1/1. Feed liquid Cu l.5~1.8g/L, sulfuric acid 8~12g/L, raffinate Cu O.06~0.09g/L, load organic phase Cu 3g/L, lean organic phase 1.25g/L, electrolysis lean Liquid Cu 36~40 g/L, sulfuric acid 150~170g/L, rich electrolyte Cu 48~55g/L, sulfuric acid 140~160g/L. Due to the low solids content of the feed liquid, only 2 kg of extractant per ton of copper is lost, and the diluent is 20 kg [1] .
references:
1.Me Waters T, Mining Eng., 1990, Sep. 1075~1080

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