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First, introduction of new irrigation technology
1. Water seepage irrigation in greenhouses: In recent years, the greenhouse vegetable irrigation tests have been promoted, and remarkable economic benefits have been achieved. Its practice is: using a pipe diameter of 10-15 mm, a horizontal single-eye plastic pipe with a pitch of 35 cm and a hole diameter of 1.2 mm is used as a capillary tube, which is laid one at a distance of 1 meter and buried under the ground 8-10. In the soil of cm, grow vegetables on both sides. The first capillary tube and the plastic branch tube with a diameter of 38 mm are connected by a three-way connection. The first diameter of the branch tube valve is installed and connected to the water source. Open the gate valve when the vegetable is irrigated. This irrigation method, the total investment in the shed irrigation facilities is about 570 yuan/mu, which is a new low-cost irrigation technology that everyone can do.
2. Small Drip Irrigation System: The small-scale drip irrigation system is widely used for greenhouse vegetable irrigation. The system design requires only 1 meter pressure head and 90% drip uniformity. The system is simple in design and flexible in installation. Each set of irrigation facilities (including water source projects) is purchased in sets and divided into 1/2 acre, 2/3 acre and 1 acre. All the user needs to do is add water to the tank and open the valve to irrigate the crop.
3, double-wing hose micro-drip irrigation: with double-wing hose micro-irrigation with the role of irrigation device, widely used in solar greenhouses, greenhouses and other small-scale fields, a family is very convenient to use, has been promoted in the country tens of thousands of acres. The main features are good anti-clogging performance, the use of groundwater sources without filter equipment, low operating water pressure (1-3 m water column), thin-walled hose with sheet coils at all levels of the field, small size, light weight, due to not Need to invest in expensive water purification and filtration equipment, which greatly facilitates the use of a household alone, in line with the current status of rural China.
Second, the shed irrigation system layout Sunlight greenhouse vegetable planting is generally north-south, planting pods shorter, and thus the layout of the irrigation capillary is generally 6 meters long, and the branch pipe layout is east-west, the length of the length of the solar greenhouse. Vegetables in solar greenhouses are generally planted with a mulch film for each pair of ridges, a capillary or micro-irrigation belt under the mulch, and sometimes two capillary tubes. The center of the double ridge is usually about 1 meter, so the typical drip irrigation capillary arrangement spacing is 1 meter. The pipe diameter is generally 25-40 mm for the branch pipe and 10-15 mm for the capillary pipe. Water supply facilities can be built in sheds or use centralized water supply facilities that can provide a certain amount of pressure and capacity for irrigation of greenhouses. Install control valves in the first section of the shed to install water meters for metering water for centralized water supply.
Third, the advantages of greenhouse micro-irrigation Greenhouse greenhouse vegetable irrigation with drip, infiltration (collectively referred to as micro-irrigation), mainly has the following advantages:
1, can reduce the indoor air relative humidity of about 20%;
2. The use of micro-irrigation will hardly cause the temperature drop, which is beneficial to crop growth;
3, micro-irrigation irrigation can also be combined with fertilization, the fertilizer directly to the roots of the crop, improve the utilization of fertilizer;
4. Reduce the humidity in the greenhouse, which can greatly reduce the pests and diseases of vegetables;
5, micro-irrigation than flood irrigation water saving 50% -90%, energy-saving 30%;
6. Sewage irrigation, fewer diseases and insect pests, less medication, safe vegetables and good quality;
7, using micro-irrigation, greenhouse vegetables can increase income 30% -100%.
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The irrigation of greenhouse vegetables uses flood irrigation, and there are disadvantages such as large water consumption, serious diseases, reduced room temperature, and affecting the quality of vegetables. As people demand more safe and nutritious high-quality vegetables, the new technology of micro-water irrigation has been increasingly Used by many farmers.